The strength of Torc’s winning teams comes in part from the diverse individual contributions from each team member. A variety of backgrounds, life experiences, and viewpoints can contribute to a wealth of perspectives on the importance of safety.
In Part 1 of our National Safety Month blog highlight, we outlined how Torc’rs view safety as a metric for success, and the importance of how the seemingly mundane tasks and procedures contribute to our overall goal.
With the commercialization of autonomous vehicles frequently referred to as a “race,” the discussion of competitiveness often turns to which company holds the best technological advantage over the others.
However, while Torc is notorious among internal teams for setting aggressive technological goals, we also have the perspective of over a decade of commercializing self-driving technology for a variety of different industries. Our approach is an iterative one, focused on safety.
We recognize that on the road to commercialization, it is the team that can build a sustainable, safe solution that will ultimately deliver. Under the pressures of growth, safety becomes more critical, not less.
Earlier this year, like many organizations in growth mode, our management team unveiled a set of company-wide goals for bolstering infrastructure, releasing new software capabilities, and increasing our fleet efficiency. On top of these goals came the overarching mission presented by our founder, Michael Fleming: a safety goal to focus all teams on working to preventing incidents.
For National Safety Month, Torc’rs are explaining how they measure success through the lens of safety, and describing ways that they reinforce safety in their day-to-day operations.
Safety as a metric for a successful test
To our Operational Safety team, a safe test begins with preparation and is the key indicator of success.
Kyle Lansing, Operational Safety Engineer Explain safety as a metric in testing.
I recently trained a new group of Safety Conductors and I explained the importance of why every member of the test crew should strive for tests that are safe, efficient, and successful. Safety is the key metric there. Any test, in order to be successful, must be safe. For example, say a test doesn’t provide all the data we were originally looking for. If that test is executed safely, then it was successful.
What is a safe test?
Obviously, it is first a test that avoids danger or risk. But I believe it’s more than just everyone coming back having avoided a crash. If our test crew wasn’t prepared or if someone was uncomfortable with the vehicle behavior, Torc wouldn’t qualify that as a safe test.
How do you incorporate safety into your day-to-day job?
While we train and prepare to act rapidly in critical situations, I believe the true reflection of a robust safety program lies in the day-to-day operations. Every well-prepared test plan, checklist, and brief is one step toward ensuring a safer test.
In my day-to-day life, a safe test begins about 1.5 hours prior to us ever starting up a vehicle. There are inspections, crew task lists, and an assembly about the goals of our trip and expected behavior from both the vehicle and the test crew. Safety starts with preparation and I work to make sure everyone is prepared.
Myra Blanco, Daimler Torc Senior Technical Fellow Explain safety as a metric in testing.
An important measurement of whether an effort is safe is the absence of safety-related incidents (e.g., crash, near crash). However, if we only look at those incidents that result in severe consequences – crashes – it might be too late. There are probably a lot of things we could have caught beforehand (e.g., near crashes, minor protocol discrepancies). Incidents are symptoms of actions that were not appropriate before the actual issue manifests. Defining safety metrics involves making sure you have put all the possible safeguards in place.
Torc software engineers rigorously test code prior to on-road testing
There is not a single metric of safety, it is a conglomerate of multiple things. If we take crashes, for example – I don’t call them accidents for a reason – crashes have contributing factors. Let’s look at this metaphor: If you think about a piece of swiss cheese that has a lot of holes, imagine each one of those holes is a factor. When all those holes intersect, something can fall through the middle – this is akin to when multiple contributing factors line up to cause something to go wrong. So, it is not an accident that an incident happens – it is a contribution of multiple issues. In the case of a typical car crash, perhaps the person was distracted, was fatigued, or was speeding, combined with the vehicle having a potential fault or failure. None of those things happen randomly.
To help prevent these issues, my team works to identify and mitigate contributing factors at four levels: people, technology, environment, and vehicle. For example, a metric of success is ensuring you have 100% of your drivers trained. This shows that Torc is providing the appropriate information to do their job safely. Another would be ensuring that there are appropriate communication systems in place. Communication channels that are open are one of the most important parts of developing a safety management system.
Safety starts long before the road
Clearly, the process of avoiding incidents begins long before we put tires to the road. This process is established in the technical development stages as well, as our software engineers explain below.
Manas Gupta, Software Engineer in Behaviors, Planning & Controls What is one task or process that you perform that forwards safety in your day-to-day work?
Safety is the most important and integral part of all the core values at Torc. As a team, we work to develop software without compromising those core values. We make sure that our self-driving software is passed through various stages of testing before it is ready to deploy on the vehicle and can be run on public roads.
I follow three stages of testing to make sure the software I write or modify is safe to be deployed on the vehicle. First, I safeguard my code with unit tests for the given functionality, so that future unwanted changes can be caught in the development. Second, I seek peer review of my code. Last, I test the code on a simulated environment with all the possible scenarios to make sure the code is robust and can be tested on the autonomous vehicle on public roads.
Elijah Hodges, System Integration Engineer Co-op in Systems Integration Explain safety as a metric in testing.
The Torc mission is to save lives. Safety is not just a part of our goal, it is our goal. If the tests we perform were to introduce dangerous situations, then we are going directly against our mission.
How do you incorporate safety into your day-to-day job?
The System Integration team is responsible for overseeing the high-level picture of vehicle performance. We help coordinate releasing new development onto our self-driving vehicles for testing to ensure that these changes improve the system as a whole. While a developer may just be implementing a change to fix a very specific issue, it is our job to notice and comment on how the change may affect peripheral responses. Ultimately, we are in charge of deciding if new changes are safe enough to be accepted into the software. Because we are not writing the code ourselves, it takes away the emotional temptation to accept new code changes just because they work and encourages us to determine if the overall performance was improved.
One day-to-day task that improves safety is our morning sync meetings every morning. Communication is absolutely vital for safety and having a venue for promoting that every single day is one of the best ways to find problems before they escalate.
We’re driving the future of freight safely and sustainably.
Elijah Hodges, System Integration Engineer Co-op in Systems Integration
When humans might fail, process prevails
The string that has tied all these different teams together is process. Process helps us make sure the important tasks identified are accomplished every time.
Denise Thompson Harmon, Department Manager in Behaviors, Planning & Controls What is one task or process that you perform that forwards safety in your day-to-day work?
Being an Agile coach, I have always been driven by process. We humans are fallible, and we are going to forget to do things. So, my goal is to make sure that we have trained well enough and ingrained these processes so that they become a habit – it’s just what we do. My goal every day is to make sure we are being clear on our processes and keep training individuals in those processes to ensure that they are following them.
Additionally, we look for opportunities to grow. One of the agile pillars is relentless process improvement. With technology changing so quickly, and industry changing so fast, we can’t let our guard down. So, every day you have to be learning, every day you have to be growing, and every day you have to be focused. We know that humans are fallible, so we ask ourselves, “does our process support catching human error before we deploy software into the field?” I want to make sure we build that quality into the product and it is not an afterthought.
Safety culture involves everyone
While process has been interwoven into all these perspectives, so has the importance of communication. In that way, our mission is also reinforced by our safety culture.
Ruel Faruque, Sr. Operational Safety Engineer What does your team do to contribute to the safety culture at Torc?
When put in charge of Operational Safety for Torc’s self-driving passenger car project, I learned how important it was to make safety a dialogue – to have discussions with the team carrying out the policies and to witness the protocols in action. Safety policies and protocols are much more effective if the team following them understands the underlying motivation, and many times, the team can suggest a more efficient and robust solution to the original safety concern.
Torc’s safety culture centers around three principles:
Speak up – if you have a safety concern, voice it. We provide multiple methods to do so, whether it’s immediately to the test crew, to your team lead, or via anonymous feedback.
Lessons learned – Learning lessons is a mission of continual improvement. At the end of a test or any other effort, it’s important to honestly evaluate what went well, what could have gone better, what was learned, and what should be changed for the future.
Focus on preventing future incidents, rather than identifying singular blame. Rarely does an incident have a single cause. Identifying all contributing factors yields multiple areas to make corrective action [summarized from Engineering a Safer World by Nancy Leveson].
The Operational Safety team teaches people the safety culture, empowers Torc’rs to exercise it, and keeps a pulse on the effectiveness, adjusting as needed to keep safety a priority at Torc.
(BLACKSBURG) Torc Robotics, a leader in self-driving vehicle systems, continues its strong recruiting efforts even under social distancing and safer-at-home orders. Torc has steadily added new employees since January and plans to increase the company size by more than 50 percent before year end.
Torc’s recruiting process has changed to accommodate personal safety during the pandemic. “We are very fortunate that most of us can work from home – and our team has been using this time to scale up our virtual testing and future fleet infrastructure,” said Michael Fleming, Torc’s CEO.
“Over the past 10 years, we’ve built our culture on winning teams and find that Torc’rs are great at solving problems – including bringing on new team members during a pandemic,” he said.
Adaptations for full-time hiring have included video panel interviews and additional relocation assistance for full-time employees. Until the Torc offices reopen, new hires are working from home and being onboarded remotely. A new cohort of team members started this week, and all are quickly learning the ropes, according to Fleming.
Torc is hiring across multiple software engineering areas, including infrastructure and tools, web development, Linux, and cloud technology.
Torc also remains committed to summer internships and co-op positions, which have been transformed to remote work opportunities for summer 2020. Students in these positions are fully embedded into technical teams and interact with Torc’rs across the company via coffee chats, lunch & learns, and other collaboration opportunities.
The company’s continued growth supports Torc’s automated truck development in partnership with Daimler Trucks North America, the market leader in trucking. “Over the next several years, we will continue to hire aggressively,” said Fleming. “Commercializing automated trucks on public roads is complex and we will need additional talent to get us there,” he said. “This is a marathon, not a sprint and our team is committed to the long-term.”
To accommodate its growing team, Torc is completing a new headquarters expansion later this year, which will add nearly 16,000 square feet and is designing additional future expansion projects.
Torc develops Level 4 self-driving technology, which does not require human intervention, but operates within specific areas or use cases, such as locations, or types of roads. Torc partners with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and mobility companies to integrate the technology on their vehicle platforms. In 2019, Torc joined the Daimler Trucks family to partner on commercializing self-driving truck technology.
“At Torc, our mission is to save lives through self-driving technology,” Fleming said.
“The fastest path to commercialized is through OEMs and the strongest business case is in trucking.”
About Torc Robotics
Torc Robotics, headquartered in Blacksburg, Virginia, is a member of the Daimler Trucks family. Torc offers a complete self-driving vehicle software and integration solution and is currently focusing on commercializing self-driving trucks. Torc has more than 10 years of experience in automating heavy equipment for safety-critical applications.
As a new decade begins, I’ve spent some time reflecting on some truisms as CEO of Torc for the last 15 years. There are many things that can be attributed to our success so far, but I believe the following three are critical.
Winning teams
Surround yourself with good people focused on a common mission. For us, our mission has been saving lives through self-driving technology and our ‘Winning Teams’ core value. We would not be here today without the many Torc’rs that have committed themselves to our mission. Good people are a prerequisite for success.
It’s a marathon
Great things are not accomplished overnight. I’m reminded that we started this journey in the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge; well before the “hype” of autonomous vehicles and even before the creation of the SAE levels of automation. The Torc team has grown through continuous, dedicated work. If you run a marathon as if it is a sprint, you will collapse before you cross the finish line. This endeavor is a marathon.
Create Value
Technology has no impact without a business case. If companies focus on the “coolness” of a technology and not on the value it creates for its customer base, there is little impact. For the last decade, Torc has shipped self-driving products to customers across several markets. I believe the trucking industry is the next mover in the self-driving space.
In 2019, Torc joined the Daimler Trucks family to focus on bringing automated trucks to market to help transform an industry that so many of us depend on every day. The effort will be a challenge, but Torc is used to creating solutions that have never been accomplished before.
I believe we have the people, the drive, and the business case to succeed in our continuing mission to help make the future of transportation safer.
As you work toward your engineering degree, you may be wondering how to stand out from the crowd of graduating seniors competing for the best jobs. You might even be unsure of what exact career path you are passionate about pursuing.
At Torc, we offer positions for college students on our engineering teams to help you kick-start your career. Co-ops allow you to develop your skills, build your professional network and get paid to work on autonomous vehicles.
In this article, we’ve collected everything you need to know about working at Torc as a college student, then asked our current co-ops to provide a rundown of their experience.
Co-ops Explained
Cooperative education positions (or Co-ops) are a way to begin your career journey by learning valuable skills about teamwork and time management while contributing to real-world solutions. These positions help you apply the knowledge you’ve gained in your education and learn new skills that will put you ahead of the game.
These positions are generally full-time and organized by semester. This includes summer and winter semesters, which are good options for students who want to fit full-time work into their studies.
The Benefits of a Co-op
Work on the important projects – When you join Torc as a co-op, you won’t be placed on a separate team or given specific student-based work. Our co-ops are fully embedded members of the engineering team they join.
Get started in the professional world – Interfacing with other engineering professionals on your team allows you to create a lasting network of connections and mentors.
Gain real experience to bring to the job – The catch-22 that recent graduates often face is the standard “you need experience to get experience” conundrum. Taking a semester to develop your experience will help you differentiate yourself in the market, as well as set you up for a full-time job at Torc.
Tips for Applying to a Torc Co-op
The typical education level for our co-op hires are juniors all the way up to PhD-level students. Candidates who showcase a willingness to learn, strong work ethic, and passion for changing the world with self-driving technology are going to fit in well with our team. Additionally, a background in the best practices of core languages such as C++ and ROS are key for many of our positions. You can also read more in our blog about the most important coding languages for autonomous vehicle engineers.
We have openings year-round and offer flexible work terms based on our hiring needs. We recommend applying at least one semester prior to when you would like to join. See our careers page for more information and open software engineer jobs.
An Inside look at Torc Co-ops
Haseeb Chaudhry, Software Engineer Co-op.
What influence has this co-op had on your chosen career path?
My time with Torc has reinforced my career aspirations to pursue an automated driving solution. Between Torc’s business model, company culture, and technical talent, it has been an informative and self-revelatory experience.
With Torc being a key player in the commercial automated trucking industry, experience gained here will certainly be a major takeaway for future endeavors. Hands-on experience working with closely collaborating teams yields well-rounded exposure to facets of autonomous driving, robust development in a rapidly changing environment, and safety critical software engineering.
What does your day typically look like at Torc?
Lots of poring over data logs to optimize and tune algorithms for performance. Torc makes a point of testing new features and updates regularly, so it is a common occurrence for engineers to be part of on-vehicle tests at least once or twice a week, if not more.
What are the top two things you’ve learned here?
Workspaces are your most useful tool/feature in Ubuntu
No matter how you put it, whenever you tell your friends you work with a self-driving car company, it will always be cool
Zachary Joswick, Software Engineer Co-op
What influence has this co-op had on your chosen career path?
When I started at Torc I was majoring in Mechanical Engineering and was planning on working in the design and manufacturing side of the robotics industry. This was a career path that I had been tracking towards since middle school and was something I had a deep passion for. So, you can imagine my surprise when I was accepted as a software engineering co-op. I was thrown in head-first – which in retrospect was the best possible starting point – and was tasked with some C++ onboarding and basic application development.
Much to my surprise, it was very intuitive (or at least as intuitive as C++ can be) and I enjoyed it quite a bit. I became increasingly engrossed in the developer culture and found that I actually enjoyed this work more than mechanical engineering work. My one-semester co-op turned into two, and eventually, I decided to change my educational path and switch to a major in Computer Science with a concentration in Software Engineering. Now I’m working on finishing out my senior year and will begin my career as a software engineer at Torc once I graduate. Without my time here at Torc, I would have never found my true passion, nor ended up in the great position I am today.
Do you think your co-op position will give you an advantage entering the job market?
Absolutely. The value of experience in an actual corporate environment cannot be understated. The theory introduced in college classes is valuable, but they often gloss over the transition from these theoretical concepts into tangible, business-ready outputs.
Working in a corporate environment teaches you how to effectively use things like version control tools and tasking systems from day one. Having that knowledge (and putting it on your resume) when looking for a job puts you leagues ahead of students who did not complete similar co-ops and did not get the same experiences/knowledge.
What advice would you give to people interested in a co-op at Torc?
Firstly, if you are even slightly interested in a co-op with us, you should definitely apply. The experience you can get as a co-op at Torc is incredibly valuable and you get to work with some of the best engineers in the industry. We are working on systems that can change the world, and you can be part of it. Secondly, start familiarizing yourself with C++, docker, Git, and ROS. These are leading languages and technologies in the robotics industry as a whole, and the skills are transferable to a variety of different companies even outside of Torc.
What influence has this co-op had on your chosen career path?
The co-op has allowed me to get practical, professional experience in computer vision and deep learning. It has provided me the opportunity to learn about developing the full software stack in autonomous vehicles.
My day typically involves reading about the state-of-the-art techniques in technical papers, collection and extraction of data from Torc vehicles, and training relevant neural networks on the collected data. It also involves fun activities such as ping pong and chess.
What are the top things you’ve learned during your time here?
ROS (Robot Operating System) skills
I’ve become a lot better at ping-pong
Nikhil Bhaldoiya Software Engineer Co-op
Do you think your co-op position will give you an advantage entering the job market?
Definitely. We are directly working on the software stack which has been deployed on the vehicle. It was my dream to work with such a huge code base. Also, working with a code with safety-critical standards can help to strengthen my profile.
What advice would you give to people interested in a co-op at Torc?
Put a lot of effort into learning C++ and core robotics topics. Start using version control systems like Git.
What are the top two things you’ve learned here?
How to write better code, and really think about the other team members who are going to read this code
Humbleness – to always be hardworking and polite
John Blankenhorn, Software Engineer Co-op
Do you think your co-op position will give you an advantage entering the job market?
Yes, I have learned countless things here that are not taught in school, both on a technical level, and a social level. There is nothing that can replace real-world experience. School is certainly a necessary component, but co-op positions are a stellar opportunity to get your foot in the door and start adding to your skillset before seeking full-time employment. This co-op has cemented my interest in robotics and autonomous vehicles.
What advice would you give to people interested in a co-op at Torc?
Communicational skills, a humble attitude, and not only a willingness, but a desire to learn new things, are arguably just as important as technical skills. The people that come in and immediately know what they are doing are few and far between. The people I see succeed the most here are those that are willing to admit when they are wrong and embrace new thoughts and ideas.
What are the top two things you’ve learned here?
No matter how brilliant it is, the work you do is useless if you do not communicate with others while doing it. No single person is going to solve the problems we are attempting to solve. This is a collaborative team effort, and communication is a necessity.
A radiating exuberance for the technology goes a long way. Having a passion for what you do can not only improve your own performance but inspire others to do the same.
At Torc, co-ops get to be an integral part of developing rapidly changing technology. Whether you decide to continue your career at Torc after graduation, or explore a job elsewhere, this semester of experience is an irreplaceable investment in yourself.
(BLACKSBURG) Torc Robotics was one of several companies featured in Look Who’s Driving – a NOVA documentary that premiered on PBS Wednesday night. The documentary takes a high-level look at the issues and technology behind self-driving vehicles.
Local viewers will recognize some of the scenery, along with footage of Torc’s self-driving car operating in rain and snow, plus traveling to Washington, D.C. Interviews with CEO Michael Fleming highlight the many years of work that have brought the technology to today’s capabilities.
“We are happy to play a role in educating consumers and technologists alike to the issues and capabilities of self-driving vehicles,” Fleming said. “Self-driving technology has tremendous potential to save lives, but it needs to be rolled out with safety as a prime consideration.”
Torc develops Level 4 technology, in which the vehicle makes the decisions, but operates within constraints, such as prescribed routes, types of environments, or even time of day.
About Torc Robotics
Torc Robotics, headquartered in Blacksburg, Virginia, is a member of the Daimler Trucks family. Torc offers a complete autonomous software solution for mobility applications including self-driving cars and transit vehicles and vehicles in safety-critical applications, such as defense, mining, and agriculture. Founded in 2005, Torc has integrated its self-driving solutions on ground vehicles ranging from SUVs to 300-ton mining trucks. The company currently employs around 100 people.